> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.envector.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.envector.io/1.4.x/core-concepts/index.md).

# Index

An encrypted index organizes vectors for secure search. Index data is always encrypted; the server computes similarity without accessing plaintext vectors.

## Properties

* Encryption: Cipher-only for index storage.
* Query Modes: Currently, only Plaintext queries are supported to prioritize the protection of the DB itself.
* Similarity: Inner Product (IP).
* Dimension: 32-4096 (max 4096).

## Mental Model

Think of an index like a table in an RDBMS:

* Each "row" is a vector, and it can have associated metadata (e.g., ID, title, URI).
* All vectors in the same index share the same fixed dimension (analogous to a fixed schema).
* You can insert rows, query for similar rows, and remove the whole table when done.

## Lifecycle

Inserted vectors flow through three logical stages: **ingest** (durable persistence), **indexing** (organizing the data into search-optimized form), and **search-ready** (reflected in queries). `Index.insert()` runs the full sequence by default, so most users do not need to think about the stages explicitly. For high-throughput pipelines that want to decouple ingest from indexing, see [Index Operation Lifecycle](/1.4.x/sdk-user-guide/advanced-user-guide/index-operation-lifecycle.md).

<figure><picture><source srcset="/files/hyBO8hR9PXQuAJvjduQJ" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"><img src="/files/OI21Ll34CjakAwmcWqIu" alt="Index Lifecycle"></picture><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Guidance

* Choose the dimension to match your embedding model.
* Currently, queries are supported only in plaintext format to focus on protecting the DB itself.
* Unload rarely used indexes to conserve memory.
* Implement robust error handling for production.


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